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Documents/Other historical evidence on Lazar Fundo

2025-11-17 19:47:00, Aktualitet CNA

CNA brings another document that tells us historical facts about the prominent intellectual, one of the founders of the EU, Lazar Fundon.

William E. Griffith, Ford Professor of Political Science at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, author and editor of many books and articles on Europe and the communist world, in one of his books published in 1963, "Albania and the Breakdown of Soviet Relations with China" has shown other historical facts about Zai Fundo.

Documents/Other historical evidence on Lazar Fundo

Griffith provides evidence between the lines that is not the only one about one of the EU's originators, such as Llazar Fundo.

Among the lines, Griffith points out that in 1938, Kelmendi and Malëshova are said to have lured Lazar Fundo from Paris to Moscow, where Malëshova's attempt to have him assassinated by the NKVD was only thwarted by the intervention of Georgi Dimitrov.

Griffith further writes that Llazar Fundo then returned to Paris, breaking away from communism and then returning to Albania after World War II.

“In 1938, Kelmendi and Malëshova are said to have lured Fundo from Paris to Moscow, where Malëshova’s attempt to have him assassinated by the NKVD was thwarted only by the intervention of Georgi Dimitrov. (Fundo then returned to Paris, broke with communism, and returned to Albania before World War II. From there he was deported to Italy, and after the fall of Mussolini he returned to Albania, where he became a political advisor to the nationalist partisans; he was killed by communist partisans in 1944,” Griffith writes, among other things.

Documents/Other historical evidence on Lazar Fundo

Griffith says that according to Amery's documents and materials, Zai Fundo was beaten to death.

In other lines, author Griffith also told how Enver Hoxha met Llazar Fundo.

He points out that Enver Hoxha, after attending the French Lyceum in Korça, received a state scholarship to the University of Montpellier in 1930, which he lost after a year for negligence in his work. There he went to Paris and fell under the influence of a small group of Albanian communists living there in exile, including Ali Kelmendi and Lazar Fundo.

“Enver Hoxha, the first and to date only chairman of the Albanian Communist Party, is the son of a Muslim Tosk landlord from Gjirokastra. After attending the French Lyceum in Korça, in 1930 he received a state scholarship to the University of Montpellier, which he lost after a year for “negligence in his work”. There he went to Paris and fell under the influence of a small group of Albanian communists living there in exile, including Ali Kelmendi and Lazar Fundo. In 1933 he went to Brussels, where he became private secretary to the Honorary Consul of Albania and then studied law at the University of Brussels. In 1936, without receiving a diploma, he returned to Albania, where for a time he taught French, first at the State Gymnasium of Tirana and then at the Korça Lyceum”, the article states, among other things.

Documents/Other historical evidence on Lazar Fundo

Griffith's book outlines how communism arose in Albania. According to Griffith, communism arose from a mixture of nationalist and ethnic animosities, religious differences, internationalist tradition, economic discontent, and Western communist influence.

Intellectuals, according to Griffith, who had been educated in France or Italy or in French or American schools in Albania, hated the traditionalist Gheg chiefs and Tosk beys, and could no longer hope for a career in the international multiethnic Ottoman bureaucracy.

“They felt that both Albania’s economic development and their desire to use their Western education for their own and the country’s advancement were hindered by Zog’s dictatorial rule, by the hostility of traditionalist chiefs and beys, and by the lack of opportunities in Albania’s underdeveloped society and economy.

But there were other internal Albanian reasons. Most of these frustrated intellectuals were Tosks. They hated the traditional Gheg leadership of the country, which they considered more primitive and less educated than themselves, and were equally hostile to the Tosk landowners, whose one-crop economy (cereals) left the landless peasants at their mercy. Moreover, in the Gheg north the clan system still prevailed, and the relationship of its members to their chiefs was largely one of personal loyalty rather than economic subordination,” Griffith’s book states.

These are other historical testimonies about the intellectual Llazar Fundo and the importance his figure had.

Documents/Other historical evidence on Lazar Fundo

Llazar Fundo is a complex figure in Albanian history. A polyglot intellectual with 9 foreign languages, who was born into a merchant family from Voskopoja in Korça, then became a communist in his youth, was shot by communists and left his will before the firing squad: "The communism that we idealized as Christ, surpasses even the devil in its wickedness. I was a communist, but I will never die like that. I could lie to save my life, but I cannot do such a thing. The photos that are in the bag should be given to the mother if she is alive."

These are the words of an intellectual of European caliber. A former member of the Comintern who later denounced and accused Stalin and his crimes.

The history of the dictatorship in Albania accuses him as a traitor, someone else as the founder of the Communist Party, but the facts and truths revealed show an intellectual who stood with values ??and dedication alongside the greatest people of the time./ CNA