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Euclid, the telescope that will answer the riddle about the composition of the Universe

2023-07-01 15:25:00, Tech CNA

Euclid, the telescope that will answer the riddle about the composition of the

A European space telescope will launch from Florida on a scientific quest to solve one of science's most vexing questions: What is the Universe made of?

The Euclid mission will make a large 3D map of the cosmos in an attempt to correlate some of the properties of so-called dark matter and dark energy.

Together, these phenomena are believed to control the shape and expansion of everything we see out there, yet researchers admit they know next to nothing about them because neither dark matter nor dark energy can be detected directly.

"It's going to be like setting off on a ship before people knew where the earth was in different directions. We're going to map the Universe to try to figure out where we fit into it and how we got here—how it was the entire Universe from the point of the Big Bang to the beautiful galaxies we see around us, the Solar System and even life," said Professor Isobel Hook, from the UK's Lancaster University.

The €1.4 billion (£1.2 billion) Euclid telescope is about to be lifted aboard a Falcon-9 rocket from Cape Canaveral.

Euclid, the telescope that will answer the riddle about the composition of the

Euclid will be positioned at an observation point about 1.5 million kilometers from Earth.

Although the project is led by the European Space Agency (ESA), the mission also has important scientific and engineering input from the US Space Agency (NASA).

How will Euclid investigate the dark cosmos?

Previous experiments have suggested that dark energy makes up about 70% of all energy in the Universe; dark matter about 25%; with all visible material - stars, gas, dust, planets, us - making up 5%.

Euclid, the telescope that will answer the riddle about the composition of the

The Hubble telescope mapped the presence of dark matter over a small volume of space

To unravel the mysterious nature of the 95%, Euclid will conduct a six-year, two-pronged survey.

A key task will be to map the distribution of dark matter, matter that cannot be detected directly but that astronomers know is there because of its gravitational effects on the matter we can see./ CNA.al