Trump leaves NATO summit on positive note, despite tensions over Iran and allies
US President Donald Trump closed the NATO summit with a mo...
US President Donald Trump closed the NATO summit with a mo...

The highway was built, but the Chinese loan for the construction of a segment of the highway opened up a lot of trouble for Montenegro. In case of non-payment of the loan, China has the right to confiscate state properties.
A giant Chinese loan to build a highway opened up trouble for Montenegro. But this is the case with many Chinese "New Silk Road" projects. China tries to provide bailout loans, but this creates new dependencies. According to a study by the Institute for the World Economy in Kiel, Germany (Ifw) China's ambitious trade project, The "New Silk Road" has high follow-on costs. More and more expanding and developing countries that have received loans from China to build infrastructure are having trouble repaying the loans as planned. In recent years, the Chinese government has significantly increased the granting of rescue loans.
According to the German institute, 60% of all Chinese loans granted in the world are threatened by default. In 2010, this figure was only 5%, according to the analysis of studies with data from Harvard Kennedy Scholl and the World Bank.

In Montenegro, a 41-kilometer highway segment was inaugurated last year after seven years of construction time. The construction cost exceeded 1.2 billion euros. About 800 million euros came as loans from China. Montenegro asked for the EU's help, since the first installments of the loan had to be repaid, because otherwise it would be able to pay on time.
41 kilometers of road that runs through the Montenegrin mountains was built by a Chinese company with workers brought from China.
Montenegrin citizens, however, are satisfied with the new road. Kolashini, which is known as a favorite destination, especially for mountaineering in summer and for skiers in winter, has benefited. The construction of the road has led to a tourism boom in the Kolashini area.
Income has tripled even in small establishments, such as an ice cream kiosk. "We are now connected with other cities, we have a lot of tourists, they can come here much faster, I think it's a very good thing", says Katarina, who runs the kiosk.

But will the revenue from the fees be enough to repay the loan? Vehicles pay 3 euros and 50 cents to use the new highway, it is hard to imagine that this 1 billion dollar investment will be compensated only by the revenue from such a fee.
Natasha Koveçeviç, që punon për një organizatë joqeveritare e shikon si shumë problematike kredinë kineze. Ajo e ka kundërshtuar prej kohësh një projekt të tillë. Ajo thotë se segmenti 41 kilometra është një barrë e rëndë për buxhetin e një vendi të vogël si Mali i Zi. "Ne kemi të ardhura vjetore nga autostrada që kapin shifrën e rreth 9 milionë eurove. Ne duhet të paguajmë 40 milionë euro këste kredie në çdo gjashtë muaj. Është shumë e qartë që të ardhurat nuk mjaftojnë për të mbuluar pagesën e kredisë dhe pjesë e mbetur duhet të vijë nga buxheti i shtetit."
Kurse studiuesja, Nina Vujanoviç, e cila e njeh mirë planifikimin financiar të projekteve të qeverisë, mendon, se kredia e lartë e Kinës mund të rrezikojë anëtarësimin e Malit të Zi në BE. Sipas kritereve të BE, borxhet shtetërore nuk lejohet të jenë më shumë se 60% e prodhimit të brendshëm bruto. "Momentalisht janë afër 70% dhe qartësisht Mali i Zi nuk ka më hapësira financiare për reforma të tjera që rëndojnë financat e shtetit."
Malit të Zi i mungojnë paratë për rikontruktimin e rrjetit rrugor të vjetëruar dhe 41 kilometrat e autostradës përfundojnë papritur në zhavorr. Kina ka ofruar të kredi të tjera që të vazhdojë ndërtimi i autostradës, por qeveria malazeze e shikon këtë projekt me shumë rreziqe. Në Podgoricë e dinë, nëse nuk do mund të paguajnë dot këstet, që tani Pekini ka të drejtën të konfiskojë pronën e tyre shtetërore. "Mali i Zi po e dorëzon sovranitetin e vet përmes infrastrukturës. Nëse nuk ia dalim të paguajmë borxhet, Kina mund të marrë nën kontroll pjesë të rëndësishme të infrastrukturës, psh hidrocentrale, hekurudhën, apo portet", kritikon Kovaçeviç.
Me 41 kilometrat e para të autostradës, Mali i Zi ka krijuar varësi nga Kina. Që kjo varësi të mos rritet më tej BE duhet të angazhohet më shumë.

Një problem tjetër i autostradës së re është mjedisi: Autostrada kalon nëpër luginën e lumit Tara, që është deklaruar si pjesë e trashëgimisë botërore të UNESCO-s, i njohur për ujin e kristaltë dhe brigjet e gjelbra. Në pjesën e sipërme të lumit uji është ende i pastër, por aty ku kalon autostrada është shkatërruar bimësia lumore.
Nuk ka më bimë, aq peshq dhe bregu është denatyruar për shkak të depozitimit të tonelatave me materiale gërmimesh, betonarmetë janë shkatërruar. Kudo gjen mbeturina nga punimet e autostradës. Lumi është i turbullt nga mbeturinat e ndërrimit.
"The mud comes from the work of the excavators and the rubble along the river. All of this ends up in the water and does not allow the flora to develop. This covers everything and the living things have no way to feed", says Kovacevic. There is still no project for the naturalization of the river./ DW
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