Historical calendar/ What happened on October 4?

2023-10-04 09:28:00, Blog CNA

Historical calendar/ What happened on October 4?

Illustrative photo

1957 - The Soviet Union launches the first satellite "Sputnik" into space

The Soviet Union ushered in the beginning of the "Space Age" with the launch of Sputnik, the world's first artificial satellite. The spacecraft, which means "companion" in Russian, was launched at 22:29 Moscow time from the Tiuratam base in the Republic of Kazakhstan.

Sputnik had a diameter of 56 centimeters, weighed 84 kg and revolved around the Earth every 1 hour and 36 minutes. He was traveling at a speed of 28,968 km/h. Visible through binoculars before sunrise or after sunset, Sputnik transmitted radio signals to Earth strong enough to be picked up by amateur operators.

Historical calendar/ What happened on October 4?

Those in the US who had access to such equipment would listen several times a day in amazement as the Soviet spacecraft passed over America. In January 1958, Sputnik's orbit moved closer to Earth and the spacecraft burned up in the atmosphere.

Sputnik was about 10 times larger than the first satellite the Americans had designed, which was scheduled to be launched a year later. The US government, military, and scientific community were caught off guard by the Soviets' technological achievement. Therefore, their efforts to catch the pace of the Soviets, heralded the beginning of the "space race".

Historical calendar/ What happened on October 4?

The first American satellite, Explorer, was launched on January 31, 1958. By then, the Soviets had scored another ideological victory when they launched a dog into orbit aboard the Sputnik 2 satellite. The Soviet space program went on to achieve a number of other space successes in the late 1950s and early 1960s, with the sending of the first man into space.

Historical calendar/ What happened on October 4?

Gjithsesi, Shtetet e Bashkuara bënë një hap gjigant përpara në garën hapësinore në fund të viteve ‘60 me programin Apollo, që në korrik 1969 uli me sukses 2 astronautë në sipërfaqen e Hënës.

Ngjarje të tjera të rëndësishme:

1795 - Napoleon Bonaparti shtyp protestuesit e armatosur kundërrevolucionarë që kërcënonin Konventën Kombëtare, duke rritur prestigjin e tij si një figurë me peshë kombëtare.

1853 - Nis Lufta e Krimesë kur turqit osmanë (më vonë iu bashkua Anglia dhe Franca ) i shpallën luftë Rusisë. Luftimet zgjatën më shumë se 2 vjet dhe përfunduan me humbjen e Rusisë.

1918 - Në orët e para të mëngjesit, kancelari gjerman Maks Von Baden, i emëruar nga Kajzeri Wilhelm II vetëm 3 ditë më parë, i dërgon një mesazh telegrafik administratës së presidentit Udrou Uillson në Uashington, duke kërkuar një armëpushim midis Gjermanisë dhe fuqive aleate në Luftën e Parë Botërore.

1927 - Skulptori Gutzon Borglum, fillon gdhendjen e fytyrave të 4 presidentëve të parë amerikanë në faqen e Malit Rashmor në SHBA.

1970 - Vdes nga një mbidozë heroine këngëtarja e mirënjohur amerikane Xhenis Xhoplin. Ajo u bë shumë e njohur në fundin e viteve 1960 si këngëtarja kryesore e grupeve “Big Brother” dhe “Holding Company”, dhe më vonë si një artiste solo.

1992 - In the Netherlands, a cargo plane crashes into an immigrant apartment building near an airport in Amsterdam. Four people on board the plane, and more than 100 people on the ground lost their lives.

1993 - After 10 hours of tank attacks on the parliament building, rebel parliamentarians led by Alexander Rutskoi and Ruslan Khasbulatov surrendered to Russian President Boris Yeltsin./ Adapted from CNA