Foshnjat dhe e vërteta
Konflikti Izrael-Palestinë po luftohet jo vetëm midis usht...

What do Rev. Jesse Jackson, George Washington, Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart, Duke Ellington and Buzz Aldrin? All are members of the world's largest secret society, the Freemasons – a group whose members include some of the world's most influential people and whose secret rituals have continued for centuries.
Conspiracy theorists speculate that the group pulls the strings of international power and finance and is responsible for high-profile murders – some even claim its members worship Satan.
Where is the line between fact and fiction within this secret society?
Origin
Although the Freemasonry movement has its roots in the medieval guilds of stonemasons, the vast majority of the movement's members are not master stonemasons. It is believed that as the membership of the Stonemasons dwindled, the group began accepting honorary members to bolster their numbers. The modern incarnation of Freemasonry dates back to the Age of Enlightenment of the 18th century, when educated Englishmen aimed to communicate with others and discuss matters of philosophy, religion and life in an organized setting.
Fraternal organizations had existed for centuries, but in the 18th century, a number of groups of men named after the English pubs in which they met joined together in what they called the Grand Lodge, an association that met to hold rituals and ceremonies and induct new members. Known today as the Premier Grand Lodge of England, the group was the first of its kind, and as membership expanded, so did the list of secret rituals and ceremonies and membership requirements.
According to the Masonic Service Association of North America, there were approximately 898,000 Freemasons in the US as of 2020, and there are approximately 6 million Freemasons worldwide.
Who can become a Freemason?
Today, the requirements for membership are relatively simple: Although each group, or Lodge, of Freemasons has its own rules, in general a Freemason must be a male who is recommended by other members of the Lodge, believe in a "Supreme Being", be of good moral character and pledge to learn the ways of brotherhood along with ancient customs.
Këto zakone përfshijnë një hierarki të rreptë dhe një shumëllojshmëri ceremonish dhe ritualesh. Pasi inicohen në lozhën e tyre, anëtarët kalojnë nëpër një sërë “gradash” anëtarësie, duke u ngritur nga Entered Apprentice në Fellowcraft në Master Mason. Gjatë rrugës, ata mësojnë gjuhën, ritet dhe besimet e “zanatit”, duke u përfshirë në rituale që i përkasin besimeve biblike. Ata gjithashtu miratojnë emblema që variojnë nga katrori dhe busulla, që përfaqëson moralin, kosherja e bletëve, e cila thuhet se përfaqëson bashkëpunimin dhe punën ndërmjet anëtarëve, dhe “Syri i Providencës” ose “Syri që sheh gjithçka”, që përfaqëson vigjilencën e përjetshme të Zotit. Disa nga këto simbole janë aq të njohura – për shembull, Syri i Providencës mund të gjendet në kartëmonedhat e një dollarëshit amerikan.
Pse katolicizmi e ndalon masonerinë?
Kur ata nuk mbajnë ritualet e hollësishme të anëtarësimit, masonët shpesh angazhohen në shërbime komunitare dhe filantropi, ofrojnë mbështetje të ndërsjellë për anëtarët ose punojnë me organizata të lidhura. Por përkundër këtij fokusi bamirës dhe faktit që nuk është një fe formale, Masoneria nuk është e pranuar botërisht. Në fakt, Masoneria është e ndaluar nga Katolicizmi, i cili i ndalon katolikët të bashkohen dhe i inkurajon të shoqërohen me organizata katolike si Kalorësit e Kolombit.
“Parimet e tyre janë konsideruar gjithmonë të padëshirueshme nga doktrina e Kishës dhe prandaj anëtarësimi në to mbetet i ndaluar,” deklaroi Kisha në vitin 1983. “Besimtarët që regjistrohen në shoqatat masonike janë në një gjendje mëkati të rëndë dhe mund të mos marrin Kungimin e Shenjtë.” Siç shpjegon Ed Condon i Catholic Herald, Kisha e kundërshton masonerinë për shkak të fokusit të saj laik dhe rolit të saj si një vend i shenjtë për “ata me ide dhe axhenda heterodokse”.
Pushtet dhe panik
Ato axhenda kanë nxitur prej kohësh polemika për shkak të fuqisë politike të zotëruar nga disa masonë. Megjithëse rregullat e shumicës së lozhave i dekurajojnë anëtarët që të diskutojnë politikë, shumë nga anëtarët e saj janë aktivë në parti politike dhe qeveri. Fshehtësia e organizatës dhe betimet e vëllazërisë kanë shkaktuar teori konspirative rreth agjendave politike të anëtarëve të saj.
Shumica e teorive konspirative spekulojnë se të gjithë masonët kanë të njëjtat besime dhe veprojnë si një trup, duke u lidhur me teoritë konspirative moderne antisemite që e lidhin grupin me një “Rend të Ri Botëror” të dyshimtë, që kontrollon financat dhe marrëdhëniet ndërkombëtare.
As a result, Freemasonry has become iconic in popular culture and among non-members who are intrigued by its dubious rituals. However, membership has been declining for years. Why this decline? Some link it to a larger trend among fraternal organizations and service clubs like the Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks, which have seen steep declines over the decades. Others attribute the decline in membership to the movement's refusal to admit women, despite the existence of several all-female lodges.
Or perhaps the decline is due to increased public awareness of the movement's once-secret rituals, says historian John Dickie. "I think maybe the point is that secrecy has lost some of its magic," Dickie said. We live in an age where it can take two minutes or less to Google to find out what the Masons' secrets really are.
Despite the controversy and condemnation, the movement lives on – but only time can tell if Freemasonry will remain relevant in the 21st century. Meanwhile, its members say they see Freemasonry as everything from a powerful brotherhood to a chance to give back to the community, to what one English member calls "an avenue for personal growth and development." For now, Freemasonry's secret rituals and symbols live on—along with the influence of its most popular members.
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