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Some antibiotics can increase inflammation and make infections harder to treat.

2026-04-16 09:45:00, Shëndeti CNA

Some antibiotics can increase inflammation and make infections harder to treat.

A new study suggests that some antibiotics, in addition to killing bacteria, may also cause an adverse reaction that increases inflammation in the body.

According to research, bacteria exposed to antibiotics can release microscopic particles called bacterial extracellular vesicles (BEVs), which contain proteins and toxins that affect the immune system. These particles can amplify the body's inflammatory response, which in some cases can damage healthy tissue.

The researchers found that not all antibiotics have the same effect. Those that attack the bacterial cell wall, such as the group known as beta-lactams, induce greater production of these vesicles. While antibiotics that interfere with DNA or protein production seem to cause less of this reaction.

This process is related to the stress that antibiotics cause to bacteria. When they are damaged, the bacteria react by releasing more substances that can activate the immune system, increasing inflammation.

In severe cases, excessive inflammation can contribute to dangerous conditions like sepsis, where the body's response to infection becomes uncontrollable and can lead to organ damage.

However, experts emphasize that antibiotics remain among the most important and life-saving treatments in medicine. The study does not suggest avoiding them, but highlights the need to better understand how antibiotic choice can affect not only the elimination of bacteria, but also the body's response.

The findings pave the way for further research, aiming to improve treatments and better manage inflammation during infections./ CNA





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