Scientists talk about the vaccine that challenges any virus

2026-02-20 08:06:00, Shëndeti CNA

A team of researchers from Stanford University is developing a new nasal spray vaccine that could protect against a wide range of respiratory infections, including the flu, the common cold, Covid-19 and even some bacterial lung infections.

The study, published in the journal Science, presents a completely new approach to immunization, different from the traditional way of developing vaccines that dates back to the time of Edward Jenner.

How does the vaccine work?

Unlike current vaccines that train the immune system to fight a specific virus, this new vaccine activates immune cells in the lungs – known as macrophages – putting them in a “yellow alert” state. This makes them ready to respond quickly to any pathogen that enters the airways.

In animal tests, researchers reported a 100- to 1,000-fold reduction in viral load in the lungs. The protective effect lasted for about three months.

Protection against bacteria and allergies

The team showed that the vaccine also offers protection against bacteria such as Staphylococcus aureus and Acinetobacter baumannii, known to cause serious hospital infections.

It was also observed that the immune response induced by the vaccine can reduce reactions to allergens, including dust mites, which are a common trigger of allergic asthma.

Still in experimental phase

Although the results have been described as "exciting" by experts in the field, the vaccine has only been tested in animals. Researchers emphasize that clinical trials in humans are needed to prove its safety and effectiveness.

One of the main concerns is whether keeping the immune system in a state of high alert could cause unwanted side effects.

A tool for future pandemics?

According to researchers, the universal vaccine is not intended to replace existing vaccines, but to be used as temporary protection, especially at the beginning of a pandemic, until a specific vaccine is developed.

It can also be used seasonally, before winter, to increase protection against common respiratory infections.

If clinical trials prove successful, this approach could represent one of the biggest advances in vaccinology in more than two centuries./ CNA